debian10网络设置和添加软件源

     Debian10有个很不好的地方,就是命令行安装的时候,如果直接设置的是公网ip,子网为32的时候,是ping通网关的,智能跳过网络设置安装完系统。这样就造成一个问题,安装好的debian10,软件源是不完整的,这时需要我们进行网络设置并手工添加官方软件源。

网络设置

1、查看网卡信息

root@localhost:~# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens18: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 92:5d:68:2d:24:b5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet xx.xx.xx.xx/32 brd xx.xx.xx.xx scope global ens18
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::905d:68ff:fe2d:24b5/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens19: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 22:94:4f:27:91:a8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.0.200/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global ens19
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::2094:4fff:fe27:91a8/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@localhost:~#

我这是已经配置好的,没有配置应该只显示ens18,ens19接口名字,是没有IP地址的,记下网路接口名称。

2、设置网络

root@localhost:~# nano /etc/network/interfaces

打开文件后加入设置


# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto ens18
iface ens18 inet static
address xx.xx.xx.xx
netmask 255.255.255.255
gateway 100.64.xx.xx

auto ens19
iface ens19 inet dhcp

以上设置根据需求,ens18为静态地址,ens19为dhcp自动获取

添加软件园

nano /etc/apt/sources.list

打开文件后加入以下内容

deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free

deb http://security.debian.org/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

如果时国内的主机,也可以找国内的源替换

常用安装源站点列表

163镜像站

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib

华为云镜像站

deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free 

腾讯云镜像站

deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security buster/updates main
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security buster/updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib

中科大镜像站

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

阿里云镜像站

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security buster/updates main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security buster/updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib

清华大学镜像站

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

兰州大学镜像站

deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free
deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free
deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

deb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free
deb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

上海交大镜像站

deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
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