背景:

说到Socket,想必大家都或多或少有所涉及,从最初的计算机网络课程,讲述了tcp协议,而Socket就是对协议的进一步封装,使我们开发人员能够更加容易轻松的进行软件之间的通信。

这个星期刚好接受一个共享车位锁的项目,需要使用Socket与硬件进行通信控制,说白了也就是给锁发送指令,控制其打开或者关闭,再就是对App开放操作接口,使其方便测试以及用户的使用。这其中核心就是Socket的使用,再开发出这个功能之后,我发现使用起来很不方便,于是耗时2天抽象其核心功能并封装成框架,最后使用这个框架将原来的项目重构并上线,极大的提高了软件的可拓展性,健壮性,容错率。

个人坚信的原则:万物皆对象

好了,不废话了,下面进入正文

正文:

1、首先简单讲下C#中Socket的简单使用。

第一步:服务端监听某个端口

第二步:客户端向服务端地址和端口发起Socket连接请求

第三步:服务端收到连接请求后创建Socket连接,并维护这个连接队列。

第四步:客户端和服务端已经建立双工通信(即双向通信),客户端和服务端可以轻松方便的给彼此发送信息。

至于简单使用的具体实现代码全部被我封装到项目中了,如果需要学习简单的实现,可以看我的源码,也可以自行百度,有很多的教程

2、核心,框架的使用

其实,说其为框架,可能有点牵强,因为每个人对框架都有自己的理解,但是类库和框架又有什么本质区别呢?全部都是代码~哈哈,扯远了

首先,空说无凭,先放上所有的代码:

服务端源文件:

SocketServer.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net;using System.Net.Sockets;
namespace Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Socket服务端
    /// </summary>
    public class SocketServer
    {
        #region 构造函数

        /// <summary>
        /// 构造函数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ip">监听的IP地址</param>
        /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param>
        public SocketServer(string ip, int port)
        {
            _ip = ip;
            _port = port;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 构造函数,监听IP地址默认为本机0.0.0.0
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param>
        public SocketServer(int port)
        {
            _ip = "0.0.0.0";
            _port = port;
        }

        #endregion

        #region 内部成员

        private Socket _socket = null;
        private string _ip = "";
        private int _port = 0;
        private bool _isListen = true;
        private void StartListen()
        {
            try            {
                _socket.BeginAccept(asyncResult =>                {
                    try                    {
                        Socket newSocket = _socket.EndAccept(asyncResult);

                        //马上进行下一轮监听,增加吞吐量
                        if (_isListen)
                            StartListen();

                        SocketConnection newClient = new SocketConnection(newSocket, this)
                        {
                            HandleRecMsg = HandleRecMsg == null ? null : new Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer>(HandleRecMsg),
                            HandleClientClose = HandleClientClose == null ? null : new Action<SocketConnection, SocketServer>(HandleClientClose),
                            HandleSendMsg = HandleSendMsg == null ? null : new Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer>(HandleSendMsg),
                            HandleException = HandleException == null ? null : new Action<Exception>(HandleException)
                        };

                        newClient.StartRecMsg();
                        ClientList.AddLast(newClient);

                        HandleNewClientConnected?.Invoke(this, newClient);
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
                    }
                }, null);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region 外部接口

        /// <summary>
        /// 开始服务,监听客户端
        /// </summary>
        public void StartServer()
        {
            try            {
                //实例化套接字(ip4寻址协议,流式传输,TCP协议)
                _socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
                //创建ip对象
                IPAddress address = IPAddress.Parse(_ip);
                //创建网络节点对象包含ip和port
                IPEndPoint endpoint = new IPEndPoint(address, _port);
                //将 监听套接字绑定到 对应的IP和端口
                _socket.Bind(endpoint);
                //设置监听队列长度为Int32最大值(同时能够处理连接请求数量)
                _socket.Listen(int.MaxValue);
                //开始监听客户端
                StartListen();
                HandleServerStarted?.Invoke(this);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 所有连接的客户端列表
        /// </summary>
        public LinkedList<SocketConnection> ClientList { get; set; } = new LinkedList<SocketConnection>();

        /// <summary>
        /// 关闭指定客户端连接
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="theClient">指定的客户端连接</param>
        public void CloseClient(SocketConnection theClient)
        {
            theClient.Close();
        }

        #endregion

        #region 公共事件

        /// <summary>
        /// 异常处理程序
        /// </summary>
        public Action<Exception> HandleException { get; set; }

        #endregion

        #region 服务端事件

        /// <summary>
        /// 服务启动后执行
        /// </summary>
        public Action<SocketServer> HandleServerStarted { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 当新客户端连接后执行
        /// </summary>
        public Action<SocketServer, SocketConnection> HandleNewClientConnected { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 服务端关闭客户端后执行
        /// </summary>
        public Action<SocketServer, SocketConnection> HandleCloseClient { get; set; }

        #endregion

        #region 客户端连接事件

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端连接接受新的消息后调用
        /// </summary>
        public Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleRecMsg { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端连接发送消息后回调
        /// </summary>
        public Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleSendMsg { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端连接关闭后回调
        /// </summary>
        public Action<SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleClientClose { get; set; }

        #endregion    }
}
using System;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
namespace Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets
{
    /// <summary>/// Socket连接,双向通信
    /// </summary>public class SocketConnection
    {
        #region 构造函数

        public SocketConnection(Socket socket,SocketServer server)
        {
            _socket = socket;
            _server = server;
        }

        #endregion

        #region 私有成员

        private readonly Socket _socket;
        private bool _isRec=true;
        private SocketServer _server = null;
        private bool IsSocketConnected()
        {
            bool part1 = _socket.Poll(1000, SelectMode.SelectRead);
            bool part2 = (_socket.Available == 0);
            if (part1 && part2)
                return false;
            else
                return true;
        }

        #endregion

        #region 外部接口

        /// <summary>
        /// 开始接受客户端消息
        /// </summary>
        public void StartRecMsg()
        {
            try            {
                byte[] container = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2];
                _socket.BeginReceive(container, 0, container.Length, SocketFlags.None, asyncResult =>                {
                    try                    {
                        int length = _socket.EndReceive(asyncResult);

                        //马上进行下一轮接受,增加吞吐量
                        if (length > 0 && _isRec && IsSocketConnected())
                            StartRecMsg();

                        if (length > 0)
                        {
                            byte[] recBytes = new byte[length];
                            Array.Copy(container, 0, recBytes, 0, length);

                            //处理消息
                            HandleRecMsg?.Invoke(recBytes, this, _server);
                        }
                        else                            Close();
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
                        Close();
                    }
                }, null);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
                Close();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="bytes">数据字节</param>
        public void Send(byte[] bytes)
        {
            try            {
                _socket.BeginSend(bytes, 0, bytes.Length, SocketFlags.None, asyncResult =>                {
                    try                    {
                        int length = _socket.EndSend(asyncResult);
                        HandleSendMsg?.Invoke(bytes, this, _server);
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
                    }
                }, null);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送字符串(默认使用UTF-8编码)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="msgStr">字符串</param>
        public void Send(string msgStr)
        {
            Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msgStr));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送字符串(使用自定义编码)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="msgStr">字符串消息</param>
        /// <param name="encoding">使用的编码</param>
        public void Send(string msgStr,Encoding encoding)
        {
            Send(encoding.GetBytes(msgStr));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 传入自定义属性
        /// </summary>
        public object Property { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 关闭当前连接
        /// </summary>
        public void Close()
        {
            try            {
                _isRec = false;
                _socket.Disconnect(false);
                _server.ClientList.Remove(this);
                HandleClientClose?.Invoke(this, _server);
                _socket.Close();
                _socket.Dispose();
                GC.Collect();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region 事件处理

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端连接接受新的消息后调用
        /// </summary>
        public Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleRecMsg { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端连接发送消息后回调
        /// </summary>
        public Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleSendMsg { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端连接关闭后回调
        /// </summary>
        public Action<SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleClientClose { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 异常处理程序
        /// </summary>
        public Action<Exception> HandleException { get; set; }

        #endregion    }
}

客户端代码

SocketClient.cs

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
namespace Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets
{
    /// <summary>/// Socket客户端
    /// </summary>public class SocketClient
    {
        #region 构造函数

        ///<summary>
        /// 构造函数,连接服务器IP地址默认为本机127.0.0.1
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param>
        public SocketClient(int port)
        {
            _ip = "127.0.0.1";
            _port = port;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 构造函数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ip">监听的IP地址</param>
        /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param>
        public SocketClient(string ip, int port)
        {
            _ip = ip;
            _port = port;
        }

        #endregion

        #region 内部成员

        private Socket _socket = null;
        private string _ip = "";
        private int _port = 0;
        private bool _isRec=true;
        private bool IsSocketConnected()
        {
            bool part1 = _socket.Poll(1000, SelectMode.SelectRead);
            bool part2 = (_socket.Available == 0);
            if (part1 && part2)
                return false;
            else
                return true;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 开始接受客户端消息
        /// </summary>
        public void StartRecMsg()
        {
            try            {
                byte[] container = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2];
                _socket.BeginReceive(container, 0, container.Length, SocketFlags.None, asyncResult =>                {
                    try                    {
                        int length = _socket.EndReceive(asyncResult);

                        //马上进行下一轮接受,增加吞吐量
                        if (length > 0 && _isRec && IsSocketConnected())
                            StartRecMsg();

                        if (length > 0)
                        {
                            byte[] recBytes = new byte[length];
                            Array.Copy(container, 0, recBytes, 0, length);

                            //处理消息
                            HandleRecMsg?.Invoke(recBytes, this);
                        }
                        else                            Close();
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
                        Close();
                    }
                }, null);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
                Close();
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region 外部接口

        /// <summary>
        /// 开始服务,连接服务端
        /// </summary>
        public void StartClient()
        {
            try            {
                //实例化 套接字 (ip4寻址协议,流式传输,TCP协议)
                _socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
                //创建 ip对象
                IPAddress address = IPAddress.Parse(_ip);
                //创建网络节点对象 包含 ip和port
                IPEndPoint endpoint = new IPEndPoint(address, _port);
                //将 监听套接字  绑定到 对应的IP和端口
                _socket.BeginConnect(endpoint, asyncResult =>                {
                    try                    {
                        _socket.EndConnect(asyncResult);
                        //开始接受服务器消息
                        StartRecMsg();

                        HandleClientStarted?.Invoke(this);
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
                    }
                }, null);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="bytes">数据字节</param>
        public void Send(byte[] bytes)
        {
            try            {
                _socket.BeginSend(bytes, 0, bytes.Length, SocketFlags.None, asyncResult =>                {
                    try                    {
                        int length = _socket.EndSend(asyncResult);
                        HandleSendMsg?.Invoke(bytes, this);
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
                    }
                }, null);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送字符串(默认使用UTF-8编码)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="msgStr">字符串</param>
        public void Send(string msgStr)
        {
            Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msgStr));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送字符串(使用自定义编码)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="msgStr">字符串消息</param>
        /// <param name="encoding">使用的编码</param>
        public void Send(string msgStr, Encoding encoding)
        {
            Send(encoding.GetBytes(msgStr));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 传入自定义属性
        /// </summary>
        public object Property { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 关闭与服务器的连接
        /// </summary>
        public void Close()
        {
            try            {
                _isRec = false;
                _socket.Disconnect(false);
                HandleClientClose?.Invoke(this);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                HandleException?.Invoke(ex);
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region 事件处理

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端连接建立后回调
        /// </summary>
        public Action<SocketClient> HandleClientStarted { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 处理接受消息的委托
        /// </summary>
        public Action<byte[], SocketClient> HandleRecMsg { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端连接发送消息后回调
        /// </summary>
        public Action<byte[], SocketClient> HandleSendMsg { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端连接关闭后回调
        /// </summary>
        public Action<SocketClient> HandleClientClose { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 异常处理程序
        /// </summary>
        public Action<Exception> HandleException { get; set; }

        #endregion    }
}

上面放上的是框架代码,接下来介绍下如何使用

首先,服务端使用方式:

using Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets;
using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Console_Server
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //创建服务器对象,默认监听本机0.0.0.0,端口12345
            SocketServer server = new SocketServer(12345);

            //处理从客户端收到的消息
            server.HandleRecMsg = new Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer>((bytes, client, theServer) =>            {
                string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes);
                Console.WriteLine($"收到消息:{msg}");
            });

            //处理服务器启动后事件
            server.HandleServerStarted = new Action<SocketServer>(theServer =>            {
                Console.WriteLine("服务已启动************");
            });

            //处理新的客户端连接后的事件
            server.HandleNewClientConnected = new Action<SocketServer, SocketConnection>((theServer, theCon) =>            {
                Console.WriteLine($@"一个新的客户端接入,当前连接数:{theServer.ClientList.Count}");
            });

            //处理客户端连接关闭后的事件
            server.HandleClientClose = new Action<SocketConnection, SocketServer>((theCon, theServer) =>            {
                Console.WriteLine($@"一个客户端关闭,当前连接数为:{theServer.ClientList.Count}");
            });

            //处理异常
            server.HandleException = new Action<Exception>(ex =>            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            });

            //服务器启动
            server.StartServer();

            while (true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("输入:quit,关闭服务器");
                string op = Console.ReadLine();
                if (op == "quit")
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}

客户端使用方式:

using Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets;
using System;
using System.Text;
namespace Console_Client
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //创建客户端对象,默认连接本机127.0.0.1,端口为12345
            SocketClient client = new SocketClient(12345);

            //绑定当收到服务器发送的消息后的处理事件
            client.HandleRecMsg = new Action<byte[], SocketClient>((bytes, theClient) =>            {
                string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes);
                Console.WriteLine($"收到消息:{msg}");
            });

            //绑定向服务器发送消息后的处理事件
            client.HandleSendMsg = new Action<byte[], SocketClient>((bytes, theClient) =>            {
                string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes);
                Console.WriteLine($"向服务器发送消息:{msg}");
            });

            //开始运行客户端
            client.StartClient();

            while (true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("输入:quit关闭客户端,输入其它消息发送到服务器");
                string str = Console.ReadLine();
                if (str == "quit")
                {
                    client.Close();
                    break;
                }
                else                {
                    client.Send(str);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

最后运行测试截图:

总结:

其最方便之处在于,将如何创建连接封装掉,使用人员只需关注连接后发送什么数据,接收到数据后应该如何处理,等等其它的很多事件的处理,这其中主要依托于匿名委托的使用,Lambda表达式的使用。

框架里面主要使用了异步通讯,以及如何控制连接,详细我就不多说了,大家应该一看就懂,我只希望能给大家带来便利,最后大家有任何问题、意见、想法,都可以给我留言。

最后,附上所有源码项目地址,若觉得有一定价值,还请点赞~

GitHub地址:https://github.com/Coldairarrow/Sockets

本文转自:https://www.cnblogs.com/coldairarrow/p/7501645.html 如有侵权,请联系删除!

最后修改:2019 年 06 月 18 日
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