Debian10有个很不好的地方，就是命令行安装的时候，如果直接设置的是公网ip，子网为32的时候，是ping通网关的，智能跳过网络设置安装完系统。这样就造成一个问题，安装好的debian10，软件源是不完整的，这时需要我们进行网络设置并手工添加官方软件源。
网络设置
1、查看网卡信息
root@localhost:~# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens18: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 92:5d:68:2d:24:b5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet xx.xx.xx.xx/32 brd xx.xx.xx.xx scope global ens18
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::905d:68ff:fe2d:24b5/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens19: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 22:94:4f:27:91:a8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.0.0.200/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global ens19
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::2094:4fff:fe27:91a8/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@localhost:~#我这是已经配置好的，没有配置应该只显示ens18，ens19接口名字，是没有IP地址的，记下网路接口名称。
2、设置网络
root@localhost:~# nano /etc/network/interfaces打开文件后加入设置
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto ens18
iface ens18 inet static
address xx.xx.xx.xx
netmask 255.255.255.255
gateway 100.64.xx.xx
auto ens19
iface ens19 inet dhcp以上设置根据需求，ens18为静态地址，ens19为dhcp自动获取
添加软件园
nano /etc/apt/sources.list打开文件后加入以下内容
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ buster main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ buster/updates main contrib non-free如果时国内的主机，也可以找国内的源替换
常用安装源站点列表
163镜像站
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib
华为云镜像站
deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free
腾讯云镜像站
deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security buster/updates main deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib deb http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security buster/updates main deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
中科大镜像站
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
阿里云镜像站
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security buster/updates main deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security buster/updates main deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib
清华大学镜像站
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
兰州大学镜像站
deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free deb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
上海交大镜像站
deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
